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Voice 1:
Hello and welcome to Spotlight. I'm Liz Waid.
Voice 2:
And I'm Joshua Leo. Spotlight uses a special method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no matter where in the world they live.
Voice 1:
Most people have experienced an immediate reaction. They might react with a strong emotion when they smell something good. They might have an immediate reaction to a sound or picture. These emotions are what writer Malcolm Gladwell calls snap, or quick decisions. Gladwell has studied Today's Spotlight program is on these immediate reactions and how they affect our everyday lives.
Voice 2:
Here is an example of how our brains create these immediate reactions. Answer these questions in your head as quickly as possible.
What colour are clouds?
What colour is snow?
What do cows drink?
Most people answer the first two questions with white. If you answered that cows drink milk, you are not alone. The correct answer is water. It was the colour white that made you have a snap decision that cows drink milk.
Voice 1:
In his book "Blink", Malcolm Gladwell tells a story about this kind of snap decision. In 1983, the J. Paul Getty Museum received a statue. They were told it was a marble statue from the sixth century B.C. They believed it was this old. Scientists at the museum did some basic tests to make sure the statue was real. The tests seemed to show that the statue was very old. But Federico Zeri and Evelyn Harris did not agree with the scientists. They are art experts. When they saw the statue, they had a feeling that it was not real. That feeling came from years of experience working with art.
Voice 2:
Thomas Hoving is another art manager. He also had the chance to look at the statue. Hoving always remembers the first word to come into his mind when he looks at a new piece of work.
When Hoving sees an old large marble statue, he expects his first word to be 'old', 'beautiful', 'ancient', or even 'heavy'. Hoving has been around art for many years. His experience makes it easier for him to choose between real art and copies of real art. And when he looked at the statue, the first word he thought of was 'fresh'. The snap judgements of the experts agreed - the statue was not thousands of years old. It was new.
Voice 1:
Because the experts believed it was not real, scientists decided to do more tests. These further test results showed that the statue was not real. It was a copy of a statue that was popular more than two thousand years ago. The person that made the statue put a lot of hard work and time into making the statue seem older than what it was. The museum was not happy when they learned they would not be able to put this statue in their museum. But the experts' snap decisions helped save the museum from years of shame and regret.
Voice 2:
This is just one of many examples of the effects of snap, quick decisions. Snap decisions can also help save or even improve our lives.
Voice 1:
Imagine you are walking down a street on a sidewalk. You are thinking about something that is very interesting. You are not thinking about walking down the street. You decide to turn right. You do not see that you have just stepped out on to a busy street. You look up and see that there is a car driving towards you. Without thinking, you jump back up on to the sidewalk. You do this to avoid being hit. It was your own snap decision to jump back, away from the street, that saved you from being hurt.
Hello and welcome to Spotlight. I'm Liz Waid.
Voice 2:
And I'm Joshua Leo. Spotlight uses a special method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand no matter where in the world they live.
Voice 1:
Most people have experienced an immediate reaction. They might react with a strong emotion when they smell something good. They might have an immediate reaction to a sound or picture. These emotions are what writer Malcolm Gladwell calls snap, or quick decisions. Gladwell has studied Today's Spotlight program is on these immediate reactions and how they affect our everyday lives.
Voice 2:
Here is an example of how our brains create these immediate reactions. Answer these questions in your head as quickly as possible.
What colour are clouds?
What colour is snow?
What do cows drink?
Most people answer the first two questions with white. If you answered that cows drink milk, you are not alone. The correct answer is water. It was the colour white that made you have a snap decision that cows drink milk.
Voice 1:
In his book "Blink", Malcolm Gladwell tells a story about this kind of snap decision. In 1983, the J. Paul Getty Museum received a statue. They were told it was a marble statue from the sixth century B.C. They believed it was this old. Scientists at the museum did some basic tests to make sure the statue was real. The tests seemed to show that the statue was very old. But Federico Zeri and Evelyn Harris did not agree with the scientists. They are art experts. When they saw the statue, they had a feeling that it was not real. That feeling came from years of experience working with art.
Voice 2:
Thomas Hoving is another art manager. He also had the chance to look at the statue. Hoving always remembers the first word to come into his mind when he looks at a new piece of work.
When Hoving sees an old large marble statue, he expects his first word to be 'old', 'beautiful', 'ancient', or even 'heavy'. Hoving has been around art for many years. His experience makes it easier for him to choose between real art and copies of real art. And when he looked at the statue, the first word he thought of was 'fresh'. The snap judgements of the experts agreed - the statue was not thousands of years old. It was new.
Voice 1:
Because the experts believed it was not real, scientists decided to do more tests. These further test results showed that the statue was not real. It was a copy of a statue that was popular more than two thousand years ago. The person that made the statue put a lot of hard work and time into making the statue seem older than what it was. The museum was not happy when they learned they would not be able to put this statue in their museum. But the experts' snap decisions helped save the museum from years of shame and regret.
Voice 2:
This is just one of many examples of the effects of snap, quick decisions. Snap decisions can also help save or even improve our lives.
Voice 1:
Imagine you are walking down a street on a sidewalk. You are thinking about something that is very interesting. You are not thinking about walking down the street. You decide to turn right. You do not see that you have just stepped out on to a busy street. You look up and see that there is a car driving towards you. Without thinking, you jump back up on to the sidewalk. You do this to avoid being hit. It was your own snap decision to jump back, away from the street, that saved you from being hurt.
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